Page 108 - Tallinn University

Tallinna Ülikooli üliõpilaste 2015/2016. õppeaasta PARIMAD TEADUSTÖÖD / Artiklite kogumik HARIDUSTEADUSED ence values, were used for comparison purposes. In addition, in study iii mainly traditional CVD risk
factors were analysed.
During the examination, most of the study subjects were or seemed to be in a bad physical condition, although some of them denied or had doubts about having any illness, pain or trauma. A medical data search was also conducted but without any signi cant outcome. Overall, the true health condition remained unknown. Still, considering the aim, the scheme was not to analyse their physical state and medical condition but to evaluate the informative power of common CVD-related markers under unhealthy conditions.
Almost all subjects were smokers and all participants con rmed using alcohol or surrogates almost every day but exactly what, in what amount and for how long remained unknown. Based on CDT% value, approximately 40% of the study subjects were recognized as having chronically high alcohol consumption. Seventy-three per cent of the subjects with CDT% >2.5 also had a signi cantly higher prevalence of hypertension (p <.05). In addition, high CDT% was negatively associated with low- HDL-C levels (p <.05).
ere were no subjects who had all measured markers in the endemic norm. High homocysteine and ApoB-100 were the most prevalent (73% and 57% respectively). However, more than half of the study subjects had all the high risk related CVD markers within the endemic norm.
Based on study iii results, study iV was conducted using 46 homeless males and 55 male subjects from the general population as a control. Here the oxidative stress index was measured and a con- trol group was included for comparison. e comparison between the groups showed that homeless people had signi cantly higher oxidative stress indices compared to the control group.
cOncluSiOn
In this work, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was described among Estonian adults in the city population. Secondly, the prevalence of these markers was described under unhealthy life conditions, where additional attention was given to oxidative stress.
e primary results can be summarized as follows:
– the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was high among adults (20–65 years of age) in the Tallinn population. in future studies, special attention should be given and in-depth investigations are needed, which focus on the younger portion of the population, as this group exhibits low CvD risk factor awareness;
– when designing relevant interventions, ethnicity should be emphasised—russians and subjects from other ethnic groups showed a higher prevalence of several CvD-related markers and also moderate- to-high 10-year CHD risk compared to estonians;
– apolipoprotein B-100 and homocysteine are two potential cardiovascular risk markers in all age groups (20–65 years of age) and could provide additional important clinical information in CvD risk assessment;
– traditional markers may not be applicable when connections between lifestyle and disease are under observation. e results from this study indicate that more accurate predictive values could be
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