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Tallinna Ülikooli üliõpilaste 2015/2016. õppeaasta PARIMAD TEADUSTÖÖD / Artiklite kogumik HARIDUSTEADUSED SubjectS
e studies (i-iV) were conducted in 2007–2009. e procedures took place in Tallinn in collabora- tion with North-Regional Hospital, Mustamäe District Shelter and Tartu Biomedicum.
stuDy i aND ii
e survey sample was drawn from the total population in Tallinn. e study consisted of 511 men and 600 women with an age range of 20–65 years. Every participant was asked whether they had been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes, about their smoking status, whether they had been informed about high blood pressure and/or cholesterol levels by a physician (awareness) and/or had taken blood pres- sure, cholesterol lowering medications during the last two weeks. e subjects were also asked how o en they consumed alcohol and their average amount of alcohol consumption (ml) as the intake of speci c amounts of each beverage type.
stuDy iii
e study sample consisted 51 homeless subjects (46 males, 5 females) with a mean age of 46 years. e pre-recruitment procedure consisted of the selection of the asocial contingent based on the knowledge of the shelter sta : subjects whom they met for the rst time or had seen rarely were excluded. All the others were con rmed as eligible for the study based on the following criteria: did not have a perma- nent job and/or regular income, did not have a permanent home, did not have systematic (regular) eating habits, was not engaged in regular physical activity and constantly used alcohol or surrogates.
stuDy iV
e study group consisted of the 46 homeless males as described previously. e control group con- sisted of 55 healthy males recruited by random selection based on prede ned age groups from the general population in Tartu, Estonia. Subjects who were taking regular medication or had a history of serious disease were not included in the study.
methOdS
Blood pressure, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated (BMI = body mass (kg)/height (m2).
All blood samples were obtained a er an overnight for following marker analysis: brinogen, total peroxide (TPX), alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), carbohydrate-de cient transferrin (CDT), high-sensitive c-reactive protein (CRP), blood glu- cose, total cholesterol (TC), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), triglyc- erides (TG), total antioxidant response (TAR), apolipoprotein A-I and B-100 (ApoA-I, ApoB-100), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], homiocysteine (Hcy).
Blood samples were collected and analysed by a quali ed technician.
A reported p-value of .05 is equal to a signi cance level of 5%. Statistical analyses were performed us- ing SPSS so ware version 21.0.
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